Border dispute within India: The ongoing border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka regarding Belagavi does not appear to be resolved easily. A few days ago, in a meeting with Union Home Minister Amit Shah, Maharashtra CM Eknath Shinde and Karnataka CM Basavaraj Bommai discussed resolving the border dispute with the help of talks. Despite this, the war of words between the leaders of Maharashtra and Karnataka over the border dispute is not weakening.

Despite dozens of meetings of various leaders including the Chief Ministers of Karnataka and Maharashtra from the national level to the regional level, the border dispute regarding Belagavi has not been resolved. By the way, the border dispute in India is not only between Maharashtra and Karnataka. Are we going to know in which states other than Maharashtra and Karnataka the border dispute is taking place and how can it be ended?

Is there also border dispute in these states?

Border dispute between Assam and Nagaland: The oldest of the border disputes is the border dispute between Assam and Nagaland. This border dispute began only after the formation of the state of Nagaland in 1963, and continues to this day. Incidents of violence continue to surface at the borders of Assam and Nagaland. Nagaland integrated the Naga Hills and Tuensang Area (NHTA) as a new administrative unit by means of a 1925 notification defining the boundaries of the state. Not just this, Nagaland does not even accept the boundary delineation done by the Government of India.

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Nagaland says North Cachar and Nagaon districts bordering Assam should also have Naga-dominated areas and should be included in the state. At the same time, Assam says there is an illegal invasion of the state borders by Nagaland, which it must take action to stop. Say that for these reasons, news of violence between the two states is common. Explain that the Assam government has filed a case in the High Court regarding the border dispute with Nagaland. Assam wants the invaded areas to be included back in its status, this matter is still pending.

Border dispute between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh: Assam and Arunachal Pradesh share a border of 804 km from each other. Arunachal Pradesh says that during the reorganization of the northeastern states, many forest areas on their part were included in Assam. These forested areas belong to the lowlands and are owned by tribal chiefs and communities from the mountains.

Arunachal Pradesh was granted statehood in 1987. After which, a tripartite committee had recommended that some forest areas included in Assam be transferred to Arunachal Pradesh. In protest of this, Assam turned to the Supreme Court and the matter has been under consideration ever since.

Assam-Meghalaya border dispute: The northeastern state of Meghalaya, which shares a border with Assam, also has border disputes. Meghalaya challenged the Assam Reorganization Act 1971 and demanded the return of Blocks I and II of Mikir Hills (Karbi Anglong district). Meghalaya says that these two blocks reported in 1835 were part of their state. There are 12 border disputes between Assam and Meghalaya, some of which have been resolved.

Border dispute between Assam and Mizoram: During the British occupation of India, Mizoram was known as the Lushai Hills and was part of Assam. After the Union Territory gained Union Territory status in 1972 and full statehood in 1987, the border dispute began to arise here. Actually, the border dispute between Assam and Mizoram is related to two notifications during the British Raj. Mizoram follows the notification of 1875. In which the Lushai Hills were considered separate from the Cachar Plains.

At the same time, Assam cites the notification issued by the British Raj in 1933. According to this notification, the boundary between Lushai Hills and Manipur was delineated. However, the people of Mizoram do not accept this. The Mizo people believe that the 1875 notification is correct. This matter is also pending in the Supreme Court.

Haryana-Himachal Pradesh border dispute: There is an inter-state border dispute between Haryana and Himachal Pradesh regarding the Parwanoo area. The Parwanoo area adjoins the Panchkula district of Haryana, thus Himachal Pradesh has claimed a part of it. In a Survey of India report, Himachal Pradesh was said to have taken control of some land from the Parwanoo part of Haryana.

Border dispute between Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh: There is a border dispute between the newly formed Union Territories of Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh over the Sarchu area located on the Leh-Manali highway. Ladakh and Himachal Pradesh submit their own claim to the Sarchu area. Actually, during the journey between Leh and Manali, tourists stop at Sarchu only. The Sarchu area is situated between the Leh district of Ladakh and the Lahaul-Spiti district of Himachal. This dispute started in 2014.

Border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka: Belagavi (Belgaum) district has been a matter of border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka for a long time. Belagavi district has a mixed Marathi and Kannada speaking population. Belagavi was included in Karnataka in 1956. Many Marathi-speaking areas of Karnataka are claimed by Maharashtra. This matter is also pending in the Supreme Court.

How can the border dispute end?

The Supreme Court is the most important way to end the border dispute between the states. At the same time, the central government has also divided many states by demand of the people. The divisions of Uttar Pradesh-Uttarakhand, Bihar-Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh-Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh-Telangana have been done solely by the Government of India. However, the solution to the border dispute of these states can only be found through mutual consent or through the Supreme Court.

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